How to Read and Write Morse Code

Translate text to Morse code and back, learn the dot-and-dash timing, and hear it as sound. A clear guide to reading and writing international Morse.

Updated 6 min read By CodingEagles
Free tool Morse Code Translator Translate text to Morse and back, with optional sound. Open tool

To write Morse code, translate each letter into a pattern of dots and dashes, separate letters with a space and words with a slash. To read it, do the reverse. The free Morse code translator converts text to Morse and Morse back to text instantly, and can play the result as sound, all in your browser.

Morse code represents each letter and number as a short sequence of dots and dashes. It was built for the telegraph and is still used in radio, aviation and emergencies because it can get a message through with nothing more than a tone, a light or a tap.

The building blocks: dots, dashes and gaps

Morse has two symbols, the dot and the dash, and the spaces between them carry meaning too. Five rules cover the timing:

  • A dot is one unit of time.
  • A dash is three units, three times as long as a dot.
  • The gap between symbols in one letter is one unit.
  • The gap between letters is three units.
  • The gap between words is seven units.

When you write Morse as text rather than sound, those gaps become spaces. A single space separates letters and a slash separates words. So “SOS” is ... --- ... and “hi there” is .... .. / - .... . .-. ..

How to translate text to Morse

Step 1: Choose text to Morse

Open the Morse code translator and set the direction to text to Morse.

Step 2: Type your text

Enter a word or a short message. The dots and dashes appear as you type, with spaces between letters and slashes between words.

Step 3: Hear it or copy it

Press Play to beep the message at a steady rhythm, which is the fastest way to start learning the sounds. Copy the Morse when you want to save or share it.

How to read Morse back into text

Set the direction to Morse to text and paste your dots and dashes. Use one space between letters and a slash between words so the tool knows where each letter and word ends. If you paste something it does not recognise, it flags the symbol rather than guessing, which helps you spot a stray dot or a missing space.

A few well-known sequences

Worth knowing by heart:

  • SOS is ... --- ..., the international distress signal, chosen because the pattern is simple and hard to mistake.
  • E is a single dot and T is a single dash, the two shortest codes, because they are the most common letters in English.
  • K is -.-, the invitation to transmit, often used to say “go ahead” on the air.

Tips for learning Morse

The fastest route is your ears, not your eyes. Listen to letters as rhythms rather than memorising rows of dots and dashes on paper. Start with a handful of common letters, build short words, and let the translator beep them back so you hear the timing done correctly. The seven-unit gap between words is easy to rush, so give it room.

If you would rather see how text maps to 1s and 0s instead of dots and dashes, the text to binary translator shows the other classic way machines carry letters.

Frequently asked questions

How do I write Morse so it can be decoded?
Put a single space between the letters of a word and a slash, with a space each side, between words. So "hi there" is ".... .. / - .... . .-. .". Three or more spaces also work in place of a slash for word breaks.
Can I hear the Morse out loud?
Yes. The translator can beep the dots and dashes with correct timing, where a dash lasts three times as long as a dot. The sound is generated on your own device, so nothing is recorded or sent anywhere.
Which characters does Morse code cover?
International Morse covers the letters A to Z, the digits 0 to 9, and common punctuation such as full stops, commas, question marks and slashes. There is no difference between upper and lower case.
Is my message uploaded?
No. Both the translation and the audio happen in your browser. Nothing is uploaded, and the tool keeps working offline after the page loads.

Ready to try it?

Translate text to Morse and back, with optional sound. Free, in-browser, and 100% private — your data never leaves your device.

Open the Morse Code Translator